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1 the size of a building
Общая лексика: размеры зданияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > the size of a building
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2 the size of the building
Архитектура: площадь зданияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > the size of the building
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3 the size of the building
English-Russian architecture dictionary > the size of the building
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4 size
̈ɪsaɪz I
1. сущ.
1) а) размер, величина;
габариты, объем in size ≈ по величине, по объему full size ≈ в натуральную величину the size of a building ≈ размеры здания crew size ≈ численность группы Syn: volume б) калибр, формат Syn: format в) емкость memory size ≈ емкость памяти( запоминающего устройства) Syn: capacity, bulk
2) масштаб, размах Syn: scope
3) размер (одежды) to take разг., wear (a) certain size ≈ носить одежду/обувь определенного размера What size do you wear? ≈ Какой размер вы носите? an enormous, tremendous size ≈ очень большой размер large size ≈ большой размер moderate size ≈ средний размер small size ≈ маленький размер ight size ≈ нужный, подходящий размер wrong size ≈ не тот, неподходящий размер They gave me the wrong size. ≈ Они дали мне не тот размер. boys' sizes ≈ размеры для мальчиков children's sizes ≈ детские размеры girls' sizes ≈ размеры для девочек junior sizes ≈ подростковые размеры men's sizes ≈ размеры для мужчин misses' sizes ≈ размеры для девушек women's sizes ≈ размеры для женщин
4) полигр. кегль
2. гл. сортировать по величине size up II
1. сущ. клей, шлихта Syn: glue, paste
2. гл. проклеивать, шлихтовать Syn: paste, glue размер(ы), величина;
объем - the * of an animal величина животного - the * of an army численность армии - the * of a building размеры здания - to be of a * быть одного размера - in * по величине, по размерам - to be the * of smth. быть равным чему-либо по величине - to be the * of a pea быть величиной с горошину - * in pages количество страниц - full * в натуральную величину - budget * в мелкой упаковке (преим. о косметике, духах) - economy * экономичная расфасовка( большие пакеты, коробки продовольственных или козяйственных товаров) номер, размер ( предметов одежды) - to take a large * in boots носить большой размер ботинок - to be a * too big быть на номер больше, чем нужно уровень способностей;
склад характера - a man of (a) * человек больших возможностей - a man of (a) large * более крупная фигура the *(s) of smb.'s understanding границы чьего-либо понимания (техническое) калибр (специальное) формат;
размер, величина - nominal * номинальный размер (полиграфия) кегль инструмент для измерения величины жемчужин (историческое) стандартная мера( веса) (морское) (жаргон) скудный паек > that's about the * of it вот что это такое;
вот в чем дело;
таковы факты > to cut smb. down to * поставить кого-либо на место;
оборвать, обрезать( зазнайку) > to try for * примерять > to try shoes for * примерять обувь (подходит ли по размеру, не жмет ли > to try for * выяснять пригодность, ценность;
присматриваться к чему-либо > try this idea for * обдумайте хорошенько эту мысль располагать, расставлять по величине (тж. * out) - to * soldiers выстраивать солдат по росту сортировать по величине (часто * up) определять размер, величину;
измерять( техническое) калибровать оценивать;
составлять мнение( о ком-либо или о чем-либо) - to * a man правильно оценить человека - to * a situation правильно понять ситуацию - to * a customer at a glance с одного взгляда понять, что собой представляет клиент - he tried to * the reaction of the audience он старался уловить реакцию слушателей (американизм) (to, with) допускать сопоставление, быть сопоставимым;
соответствовать - he does not * to my expectations он не оправдывает моих ожиданий;
он не то, что я ожидал устанавливать величину (чего-либо;
тж. * out) ;
подгонять по величине;
доводить до какого-либо размера (специальное) клей;
шлихта - * colour (строительство) клеевая краска( текстильное) аппрет( специальное) проклеивать;
шлихтовать (текстильное) аппретировать average sample ~ средний объем выборки block ~ вчт. размер блока character ~ вчт. длина знака coin-vended ~ размер монеты, пригодный для торгового автомата disk ~ вчт. размер диска fixed sample ~ выборка постоянного объема full ~ вчт. полный grain ~ вчт. степень детализации increment ~ вчт. шаг line ~ вчт. длина строки memory ~ вчт. емкость запоминающего устройства memory ~ вчт. емкость памяти minimum sample ~ минимальный объем выборки postcard ~ формат почтовой открытки program ~ вчт. размер программы queue ~ вчт. длина очереди queue ~ вчт. число ожидающих требований record ~ вчт. длина записи relative ~ относительный размер sample ~ вчт. объем выборки sample ~ вчт. размер выборки size величина ~ разг. истинное положение вещей;
that's about the size of it вот что это такое ~ полигр. кегль ~ клей, шлихта ~ номер (перчаток и т. п.) ~ объем ~ проклеивать, шлихтовать ~ размер, величина;
объем ~ размер ~ сортировать по величине ~ формат, калибр ~ up определять размер, величину ~ up разг. составить мнение (о ком-л.) stack ~ вчт. размер стека storage ~ вчт. емкость ЗУ ~ разг. истинное положение вещей;
that's about the size of it вот что это такое trial ~ пробный объем type ~ полигр. кегль шрифта window ~ вчт. размер окна word ~ вчт. длина слова -
5 size
I1. [saız] n1. размер(ы), величина; объёмto be of a /one/ size - быть одного /одинакового/ размера
in size - по величине, по размерам
to be the size of smth. - быть равным чему-л. по величине
budget size - в мелкой упаковке (преим. о косметике, духах и т. п.)
economy size - экономичная расфасовка (большие пакеты, коробки и т. п. продовольственных или хозяйственных товаров)
2. номер, размер ( предметов одежды)to take /to wear/ a large [a small] size in boots [in gloves, in hats] - носить большой [маленький] размер ботинок [перчаток, шляп]
to be a size too big - быть на номер больше, чем нужно
3. уровень способностей; склад характераthe size(s) of smb.'s understanding - границы /пределы/ чьего-л. понимания
4. тех. калибр5. спец. формат; размер, величина6. полигр. кегль7. инструмент для измерения величины жемчужин8. ист. стандартная мера (веса и т. п.)9. pl мор. жарг. скудный паёк♢
that's about the size of it - вот что это такое; вот в чём дело; таковы фактыto cut smb. down to size - поставить кого-л. на место; оборвать, обрезать (зазнайку и т. п.)
to try for size - а) примерять; to try shoes for size - примерить обувь (подходит ли по размеру, не жмёт ли и т. п.); б) выяснять пригодность, ценность и т. п.; присматриваться к чему-л.; try this idea for size - обдумайте хорошенько эту мысль
2. [saız] v1. 1) располагать, расставлять по величине (тж. size out)to size soldiers [a company, a platoon] - выстраивать солдат [роту, взвод] по росту
2) сортировать по величине2. ( часто size up)1) определять размер, величину; измерять2) тех. калибровать3) = size up3. устанавливать величину (чего-л.; тж. size out); подгонять по величине; доводить до какого-л. размераII1. [saız] n1) спец. клей; шлихтаsize colour - стр. клеевая краска
2) текст. аппрет2. [saız] v1) спец. проклеивать; шлихтовать2) текст. аппретировать -
6 size
1. n размер, величина; объёмin size — по величине, по размерам
2. n номер, размерcontact size — размер изображения, равный размеру оригинала
3. n уровень способностей; склад характера4. n тех. калибр5. n спец. формат; размер, величина6. n полигр. кегльnormal size — нормальный кегль ; недробный кегль
7. n инструмент для измерения величины жемчужинactual size — натуральная величина; фактический размер
8. n ист. стандартная мера9. n мор. жарг. скудный паёк10. v располагать, расставлять по величине11. v сортировать по величине12. v определять размер, величину; измерятьeconomic size — экономичный размер; оптимальный размер
13. v тех. калибровать14. n спец. клей; шлихта15. n текст. аппрет16. v спец. проклеивать; шлихтовать17. v текст. аппретироватьСинонимический ряд:1. admeasurement (noun) admeasurement; dimensionality; dimensions; measure; proportion2. amount (noun) amount; quantity; sum3. area (noun) area; diameter; expanse4. capacity (noun) capacity; content; volume5. coating (noun) coating; glaze; glue6. extent (noun) amplitude; bigness; bulk; dimension; extent; greatness; largeness; magnitude; mass; measurements; proportions; sizableness; tonnage; vastness7. coat (verb) coat; glaze; glue8. measure (verb) catalogue; measure; sort -
7 size
size [saɪz]a. taille f ; [of room, building, car, chair] dimensions fpl ; [of egg, fruit, jewel] grosseur f ; [of sum] montant m ; [of estate, park, country] étendue f ; [of problem, operation, campaign] ampleur f ; ( = format) format m• the small/large size [of packet, tube] le petit/grand modèle• to cut/make sth to size couper/faire qch sur mesure• it's the size of a house/elephant c'est grand comme une maison/un éléphant• that's about the size of it! c'est à peu près ça !• what size are you? (in dress) quelle taille faites-vous ? ; (in shoes) quelle pointure faites-vous ? ; (in shirts) vous faites combien d'encolure ?• what size shoes do you take? vous chaussez du combien ?• I take size 5 (in shoes) ≈ je chausse du 38• what size waist are you? quel est votre tour de taille ?• "one size" « taille unique »• I need a size smaller il me faut la taille (or la pointure) en-dessous[+ person] jauger ; [+ situation] mesurer• I can't quite size him up ( = don't know what he is like) je n'arrive pas vraiment à le juger ; ( = don't know what he wants) je ne vois pas bien où il veut en venir* * *[saɪz] 1.1) ( dimensions) (of person, head, tree, envelope, picture) taille f; (of container, room, building, region) grandeur f; (of apple, egg, book, parcel) grosseur f; (of carpet, bed, machine) dimensions fplit's about the size of an egg/of this room — c'est à peu près de la grosseur d'un œuf/de la grandeur de cette pièce
to increase in size — [tree] pousser; [company, town] s'agrandir
to be of a size — [people, boxes] être de la même taille
2) ( number) (of population, audience) importance f; (of class, school, company) effectif m3) ( of garment) taille f; ( of collar) encolure f; (of shoes, gloves) pointure fwhat size do you take? — ( in clothes) quelle taille faites-vous?; ( in shoes) quelle pointure faites-vous?, vous chaussez du combien?
to take size X — ( in clothes) faire du X; ( in shoes) chausser or faire du X
‘one size’ — ‘taille unique’
try this for size — lit essayez ceci pour voir si c'est votre taille; fig essayez ceci pour voir si cela vous convient
4) ( substance) (for paper, textiles) apprêt m; ( for plaster) colle f2.transitive verb1) classer [quelque chose] selon la grosseur [eggs, fruit]2) Technology apprêter [textile, paper]; encoller [plaster]3) Computing dimensionner [window]•Phrasal Verbs:- size up•• -
8 size
A n1 ( dimensions) (of person, head, hand, nose) taille f ; (of box, glass, plate, stamp) grandeur f ; (of building, room, garden) grandeur f, dimensions fpl ; ( of tree) taille f, grandeur f ; (of apple, egg, bead) grosseur f, calibre m ; (of carpet, chair, bed, machine) dimensions fpl ; (of book, parcel) grosseur f, dimensions fpl ; (of paper, envelope, picture) taille f, dimensions fpl ; (of country, island, estate) étendue f ; a town of some size une ville assez importante or assez grande ; chairs of all sizes des chaises de toutes les grandeurs ; it's about the size of an egg/of this room c'est à peu près de la grosseur d'un œuf/de la grandeur de cette pièce ; he 's about your size il est à peu près de ta taille ; to increase in size [plant, tree] pousser, s'accroître ; [company, town] s'agrandir ; to cut sth to size découper qch à la dimension voulue ; to be of a size [people] être de la même taille ; [boxes] être de la même grandeur ;2 ( number) (of population, audience) importance f ; (of class, school, company) effectif m ; to increase in size [population] augmenter ;3 ⇒ Sizes Fashn (of jacket, dress, trousers, bra) taille f ; ( of shirt collar) encolure f ; (of shoes, gloves) pointure f ; what size are you?, what size do you take? (in jacket, trousers, dress) quelle taille faites-vous? ; ( in shoes) quelle pointure faites-vous? ; what size waist are you? quel est votre tour de taille? ; what size shoes do you take? quelle pointure faites-vous?, vous chaussez du combien? ; to take size X ( in clothes) faire du X ; to take size X shoes chausser or faire du X ; I think you need a size bigger je crois qu'il vous faut la taille or la pointure au-dessus ; that jacket is two sizes too big ce veston est deux tailles trop grand ; ‘one size’ ‘taille unique’ ; try this for size lit essayez ceci pour voir si c'est votre taille ; fig essayez ceci pour voir si cela vous convient ;B vtr1 classer [qch] selon la grosseur or le calibre, calibrer [eggs, fruit] ;4 Comput dimensionner [window].that's about the size of it! c'est à peu près ça! ; to cut sb down to size remettre qn à sa place, rabattre le caquet à qn ○.■ size up:▶ size up [sb/sth], size [sb/sth] up jauger, juger [person] ; évaluer [qch] du regard [room, surroundings] ; évaluer [situation] ; mesurer [problem, difficulty] ; they seemed to be sizing each other up ils avaient l'air de se mesurer des yeux. -
9 size
1) величина; размер2) мера; объём3) формат; калибр4) крупность; класс крупности5) клей6) глянец; грунтовка7) проклеивать8) сортировать по размеру; просеивать; определять размер•- actual size - aggregate size - apparent size - as-built size - basic size - crew size - drainage size - effective size - finite size - grain size - hole size - limit size - mesh size - nominal size - nonstandard size - opening size - outlet size - overall size - particle size - passing-pipe size - pipe size - port size - type and size of building elements - valve size - weld size - wire size* * *размер; значение геометрической величины- size of coarse aggregate
- size of the pour
- actual size
- aggregate maximum size
- basic size
- block size
- duct size
- effective size
- equivalent grain size
- maximum size of aggregate
- mesh size
- nominal size
- nominal maximum size of aggregate
- opening size
- particle size
- pipe size
- project size
- real size
- sieve aperture size
- sieve size
- theoretical community size
- uniform sizes -
10 edition size
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11 big
[bɪg]1) (in build) (tall) grande; (heavy) grossoto get big(ger) — (taller) diventare grande, crescere; (fatter) ingrassare; (in pregnancy) diventare grossa
2) (in size) [bed, room, building, garden, town] grande; [animal, car, boat, box] grosso, grandea big book — (thick) un libro spesso; (large) un libro grande
in big letters — in maiuscolo; fig. a grandi lettere
3) (in age) grande4) (in extent) [family, crowd, party] grande; [collection, organization, company] grosso, grande; [ meal] abbondante5) (important) [problem, change] grande, grosso; [question, decision] grosso, importante; [moment, event] grandeI think we're on to something big — colloq. penso che stiamo per scoprire qualcosa di grosso
6) (emphatic)to be big in the music business — colloq. essere un pezzo grosso nel mondo della musica
7) AE colloq. (enthusiastic)to be big on — essere fanatico di [ activity]
8) (generous) generosothat's big of you! — iron. tante grazie!
9) pol.the Big Four, Five — i quattro, cinque Grandi
••to be o go over big colloq. andare forte; to have a big head spreg. essere un presuntuoso; to have a big mouth essere un chiacchierone; why can't you keep your big mouth shut? perché non puoi tenere chiusa quella boccaccia? to have big ideas, to think big colloq. pensare in grande; what's the big idea? cosa succede? cosa ti prende? to make it big — colloq. avere grande successo
* * *[biɡ]1) (large in size: a big car.) grande2) (important: a big event.) grande•- big game* * *[bɪg]1) (in build) (tall) grande; (heavy) grossoto get big(ger) — (taller) diventare grande, crescere; (fatter) ingrassare; (in pregnancy) diventare grossa
2) (in size) [bed, room, building, garden, town] grande; [animal, car, boat, box] grosso, grandea big book — (thick) un libro spesso; (large) un libro grande
in big letters — in maiuscolo; fig. a grandi lettere
3) (in age) grande4) (in extent) [family, crowd, party] grande; [collection, organization, company] grosso, grande; [ meal] abbondante5) (important) [problem, change] grande, grosso; [question, decision] grosso, importante; [moment, event] grandeI think we're on to something big — colloq. penso che stiamo per scoprire qualcosa di grosso
6) (emphatic)to be big in the music business — colloq. essere un pezzo grosso nel mondo della musica
7) AE colloq. (enthusiastic)to be big on — essere fanatico di [ activity]
8) (generous) generosothat's big of you! — iron. tante grazie!
9) pol.the Big Four, Five — i quattro, cinque Grandi
••to be o go over big colloq. andare forte; to have a big head spreg. essere un presuntuoso; to have a big mouth essere un chiacchierone; why can't you keep your big mouth shut? perché non puoi tenere chiusa quella boccaccia? to have big ideas, to think big colloq. pensare in grande; what's the big idea? cosa succede? cosa ti prende? to make it big — colloq. avere grande successo
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12 scale
I noun1) (of fish, reptile) Schuppe, dieII nounscale[s] — Waage, die
a pair or set of scales — eine Waage
bathroom/kitchen scale[s] — Personen-/Küchenwaage, die
the scales are evenly balanced — (fig.) die Chancen sind ausgewogen
2) (dish of balance) Waagschale, dieIII 1. nountip or turn the scale[s] — (fig.) den Ausschlag geben
1) (series of degrees) Skala, die2) (Mus.) Tonleiter, die3) (dimensions) Ausmaß, dason a grand scale — im großen Stil
plan on a large scale — in großem Rahmen planen
on an international scale — auf internationaler Ebene; [Katastrophe] von internationalem Außmaß
4) (ratio of reduction) Maßstab, der; attrib. maßstab[s]gerecht [Modell, Zeichnung]a map with a scale of 1: 250,000 — eine Karte im Maßstab 1: 250 000
to scale — maßstab[s]gerecht
be out of scale — im Maßstab nicht passen ( with zu)
5) (indication) (on map, plan) Maßstab, der; (on thermometer, ruler, exposure meter) [Anzeige]skala, die; (instrument) Messstab, der2. transitive verb1) (climb, clamber up) ersteigen [Festung, Mauer, Leiter, Gipfel]; erklettern [Felswand, Leiter, Gipfel]2) [ab]stufen, staffeln [Fahrpreise]; maßstab[s]gerecht anfertigen [Zeichnung]scale production to demand — die Produktion an die Nachfrage anpassen
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/91220/scale_down">scale down- scale up* * *I [skeil] noun1) (a set of regularly spaced marks made on something (eg a thermometer or a ruler) for use as a measure; a system of numbers, measurement etc: This thermometer has two scales marked on it, one in Fahrenheit and one in Centigrade.) die Skala2) (a series or system of items of increasing or decreasing size, value etc: a wage/salary scale.) der Tarif3) (in music, a group of notes going up or down in order: The boy practised his scales on the piano.) die Tonleiter4) (the size of measurements on a map etc compared with the real size of the country etc shown by it: In a map drawn to the scale 1:50,000, one centimetre represents half a kilometre.) der Maßstab5) (the size of an activity: These guns are being manufactured on a large scale.) der UmfangII [skeil] verb III [skeil] noun(any of the small thin plates or flakes that cover the skin of fishes, reptiles etc: A herring's scales are silver in colour.) die Schuppe- scaly* * *scale1[skeɪl]I. n4.II. vt1. (remove scales)to \scale a fish einen Fisch abschuppen2. (remove tartar)to \scale teeth Zahnstein entfernenscale2[skeɪl]nbathroom/kitchen/letter \scale Personen-/Küchen-/Briefwaage fa pair of \scales ( form) eine [Balken]waagehe tipped the \scale at 210 pounds er wog 210 Pfundto tip the \scales ( fig) den [entscheidenden] Ausschlag geben2. ASTROL3.▶ to throw sth into the \scale etw in die Waagschale werfenscale3[skeɪl]I. nhow would you rate his work on a \scale of 1 to 5? wie würden Sie seine Arbeit auf einer Skala von 1 bis 5 beurteilen?\scale of charges Taxe f\scale of fees Gebührenstaffel f\scale division Skalenteilung f\scale of values Wert[e]skala fa sliding \scale ECON eine Gleitskalaremuneration is on a sliding \scale die Bezahlung ist gestaffelt2. no plto build/draw sth to \scale etw maßstab[s]getreu [o maßstab[s]gerecht] bauen/zeichnenon a national \scale auf nationaler Ebeneon a large/small \scale im großen/kleinen Rahmenadvantages of \scale ECON bedeutende Vorteileto play/practise \scales Tonleitern spielen/übenII. vt▪ to \scale sthto \scale a fence auf einen Zaun kletternto \scale a mountain einen Berg besteigen; ( fig)she has already \scaled the heights of her profession sie hat bereits den Höhepunkt ihrer Karriere erreicht* * *I [skeɪl]1. n(of fish, snake, skin) Schuppe f; (of rust) Flocke f; (of paint) Plättchen nt; (= kettle scale) Kesselstein m no pl2. vt2)3. visich schuppen; (paint, rust) abblättern II1. nscale-pan — Waagschale f
2. viwiegen IIIn1) Skala f; (on thermometer etc) Skala f, Gradeinteilung f; (on ruler) (Maß)einteilung f; (fig) Leiter f; (= social scale) Stufenleiter f; (= list, table) Tabelle fscale of charges — Gebührenordnung f, Tarife
he ranks at the top of the scale of contemporary violinists — er steht an der Spitze der zeitgenössischen Geiger
2) (= instrument) Messgerät nt4) (of map etc) Maßstab mwhat is the scale? — welchen Maßstab hat es?, in welchem Maßstab ist es?
(drawn/true) to scale — maßstabgerecht
5) (fig: size, extent) Umfang m, Ausmaß ntto entertain on a large/small scale — Feste im größeren/im kleineren Rahmen geben
large stores buy on a different scale from small ones — große Kaufhäuser kaufen in ganz anderen Mengen als kleine Geschäfte
inflation on an unprecedented scale —
small/large in scale — von kleinem/großem Umfang
IVit's similar but on a smaller scale — es ist ähnlich, nur kleiner
vtmountain, wall erklettern* * *scale1 [skeıl]A s1. ZOOL Schuppe f, koll Schuppen pl2. MED Schuppe f:come off in scales → C 1;the scales fell from my eyes fig es fiel mir wie Schuppen von den Augen;remove the scales from sb’s eyes fig jemandem die Augen öffnen3. BOTa) Schuppenblatt nb) (Erbsen- etc) Hülse f, Schale f5. ZOOL Schildlaus f6. Ablagerung f, besondersa) Kesselstein mb) MED Zahnstein m:form scale → C 27. auch pl METALL Zunder m: → iron scaleB v/ta) einen Fisch (ab)schuppen,b) eine Schicht etc ablösen, (ab)schälen, (ab)häuten:scale almonds Mandeln schälen2. a) abklopfen, den Kesselstein entfernen ausb) Zähne vom Zahnstein befreien4. METALL ausglühenC v/i2. Kessel- oder Zahnstein ansetzenscale2 [skeıl]A s1. Waagschale f (auch fig):hold the scales even gerecht urteilen;weight the scales in sb’s favo(u)r jemandem einen (unerlaubten) Vorteil verschaffen2. meist pl Waage f:a pair of scales eine Waage;go to scale at 120 lbs 120 Pfund wiegen oder auf die Waage bringenB v/t1. wiegenC v/i SPORT gewogen werden:scale3 [skeıl]A s1. a) Stufenleiter f, Staff(e)lung fb) Skala f, Tarif m:scale of fees Gebührenordnung f;scale of salaries Gehaltsstaffelung;scale of wages Lohnskala, -tabelle f2. Stufe f (auf einer Skala, Stufenleiter etc, auch fig):sink in the scale im Niveau sinken3. PHYS, TECH Skala f:scale division Gradeinteilung f;scale line Teilstrich m einer Skala4. GEOG, MATH, TECHa) Maßstab(sangabe) m(f)b) logarithmischer Rechenstab:out of scale nicht maßstab(s)getreu oder -gerecht;at a scale of 1 inch to 1 mile im Maßstab 1 Inch:1 Meile;drawn to a scale of 1:5 im Maßstab 1:5 gezeichnet;5. fig Maßstab m, Größenordnung f, Umfang m:on a large scale in großem Umfang, großen Stils;on a modest scale bescheiden, in bescheidenem Rahmen6. MATH (numerische) Zahlenreihe7. MUSa) Tonleiter f, Skala fb) Tonumfang m (eines Instruments)c) (Orgelpfeifen)Mensur f:8. SCHULE, PSYCH Test(stufen)reihe fbuy on a scale seine Käufe über eine Baisseperiode verteilen;sell on a scale seine Verkäufe über eine Hausseperiode verteilento zu)B v/t1. erklettern, ersteigen, erklimmen (auch fig)2. GEOG, MATH, TECHa) maßstab(s)getreu zeichnen:scale off a length MATH eine Strecke abtragenb) maßstäblich ändern:scale down (up) maßstab(s)gerecht oder maßstäblich verkleinern (vergrößern)3. TECH mit einer Teilung versehen4. einstufen:scale down Löhne, Forderungen etc herunterschrauben;scale up Preise etc hochschraubenC v/i (auf einer Skala) klettern (auch fig), steigen:scale down fallen;scale up steigen, in die Höhe kletternsc. abk1. scale2. scene3. science4. scientific5. scilicet, namely näml.* * *I noun1) (of fish, reptile) Schuppe, dieII noun1) in sing. or pl. (weighing instrument)scale[s] — Waage, die
a pair or set of scales — eine Waage
bathroom/kitchen scale[s] — Personen-/Küchenwaage, die
the scales are evenly balanced — (fig.) die Chancen sind ausgewogen
2) (dish of balance) Waagschale, dieIII 1. nountip or turn the scale[s] — (fig.) den Ausschlag geben
1) (series of degrees) Skala, die2) (Mus.) Tonleiter, die3) (dimensions) Ausmaß, dason an international scale — auf internationaler Ebene; [Katastrophe] von internationalem Außmaß
4) (ratio of reduction) Maßstab, der; attrib. maßstab[s]gerecht [Modell, Zeichnung]a map with a scale of 1: 250,000 — eine Karte im Maßstab 1: 250 000
to scale — maßstab[s]gerecht
5) (indication) (on map, plan) Maßstab, der; (on thermometer, ruler, exposure meter) [Anzeige]skala, die; (instrument) Messstab, der2. transitive verb1) (climb, clamber up) ersteigen [Festung, Mauer, Leiter, Gipfel]; erklettern [Felswand, Leiter, Gipfel]2) [ab]stufen, staffeln [Fahrpreise]; maßstab[s]gerecht anfertigen [Zeichnung]Phrasal Verbs:- scale up* * *(music) n.Tonleiter m. n.Kesselstein m.Maßstab -¨e m.Skala Skalen f.Skalierung f. v.erklettern v.ersteigen v. -
13 White, Sir William Henry
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 2 February 1845 Devonport, Englandd. 27 February 1913 London, England[br]English naval architect distinguished as the foremost nineteenth-century Director of Naval Construction, and latterly as a consultant and author.[br]Following early education at Devonport, White passed the Royal Dockyard entry examination in 1859 to commence a seven-year shipwright apprenticeship. However, he was destined for greater achievements and in 1863 passed the Admiralty Scholarship examinations, which enabled him to study at the Royal School of Naval Architecture at South Kensington, London. He graduated in 1867 with high honours and was posted to the Admiralty Constructive Department. Promotion came swiftly, with appointment to Assistant Constructor in 1875 and Chief Constructor in 1881.In 1883 he left the Admiralty and joined the Tyneside shipyard of Sir W.G. Armstrong, Mitchell \& Co. at a salary of about treble that of a Chief Constructor, with, in addition, a production bonus based on tonnage produced! At the Elswick Shipyard he became responsible for the organization and direction of shipbuilding activities, and during his relatively short period there enhanced the name of the shipyard in the warship export market. It is assumed that White did not settle easily in the North East of England, and in 1885, following negotiations with the Admiralty, he was released from his five-year exclusive contract and returned to public service as Director of Naval Construction and Assistant Controller of the Royal Navy. (As part of the settlement the Admiralty released Philip Watts to replace White, and in later years Watts was also to move from that same shipyard and become White's successor as Director of Naval Construction.) For seventeen momentous years White had technical control of ship production for the Royal Navy. The rapid building of warships commenced after the passing of the Naval Defence Act of 1889, which authorized directly and indirectly the construction of around seventy vessels. The total number of ships built during the White era amounted to 43 battleships, 128 cruisers of varying size and type, and 74 smaller vessels. While White did not have the stimulation of building a revolutionary capital ship as did his successor, he did have the satisfaction of ensuring that the Royal Navy was equipped with a fleet of all-round capability, and he saw the size, displacement and speed of the ships increase dramatically.In 1902 he resigned from the Navy because of ill health and assumed several less onerous tasks. During the construction of the Cunard Liner Mauretania on the Tyne, he held directorships with the shipbuilders Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson, and also the Parsons Marine Turbine Company. He acted as a consultant to many organizations and had an office in Westminster. It was there that he died in February 1913.White left a great literary legacy in the form of his esteemed Manual of Naval Architecture, first published in 1877 and reprinted several times since in English, German and other languages. This volume is important not only as a text dealing with first principles but also as an illustration of the problems facing warship designers of the late nineteenth century.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKCB 1895. Knight Commander of the Order of the Danneborg (Denmark). FRS. FRSE. President, Institution of Civil Engineers; Mechanical Engineers; Marine Engineers. Vice- President, Institution of Naval Architects.Bibliography1877, A Manual of Naval Architecture, London.Further ReadingD.K.Brown, 1983, A Century of Naval Construction, London.FMWBiographical history of technology > White, Sir William Henry
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14 Paxton, Sir Joseph
[br]b. 3 August 1801 Milton Bryant, Bedfordshire, Englandd. 8 June 1865 Sydenham, London, England[br]English designer of the Crystal Palace, the first large-scale prefabricated ferrovitreous structure.[br]The son of a farmer, he had worked in gardens since boyhood and at the age of 21 was employed as Undergardener at the Horticultural Society Gardens in Chiswick, from where he went on to become Head Gardener for the Duke of Devonshire at Chatsworth. It was there that he developed his methods of glasshouse construction, culminating in the Great Conservatory of 1836–40, an immense structure some 277 ft (84.4 m) long, 123 ft (37.5 m) wide and 67 ft (20.4 m) high. Its framework was of iron and its roof of glass, with wood to contain the glass panels; it is now demolished. Paxton went on to landscape garden design, fountain and waterway engineering, the laying out of the model village of Edensor, and to play a part in railway and country house projects.The structure that made Paxton a household name was erected in Hyde Park, London, to house the Great Exhibition of 1851 and was aptly dubbed, by Punch, the Crystal Palace. The idea of holding an international exhibition for industry had been mooted in 1849 and was backed by Prince Albert and Henry Cole. The money for this was to be raised by public subscription and 245 designs were entered into a competition held in 1850; however, most of the concepts, received from many notable architects and engineers, were very costly and unsuitable, and none were accepted. That same year, Paxton published his scheme in the Illustrated London News and it was approved after it received over-whelming public support.Paxton's Crystal Palace, designed and erected in association with the engineers Fox and Henderson, was a prefabricated glasshouse of vast dimensions: it was 1,848 ft (563.3 m) long, 408 ft (124.4 m) wide and over 100 ft (30.5 m) high. It contained 3,300 iron columns, 2,150 girders. 24 miles (39 km) of guttering, 600,000 ft3 (17,000 m3) of timber and 900,000 ft2 (84,000 m) of sheet glass made by Chance Bros, of Birmingham. One of the chief reasons why it was accepted by the Royal Commission Committee was that it fulfilled the competition proviso that it should be capable of being erected quickly and subsequently dismantled and re-erected elsewhere. The Crystal Palace was to be erected at a cost of £79,800, much less than the other designs. Building began on 30 July 1850, with a labour force of some 2,000, and was completed on 31 March 1851. It was a landmark in construction at the time, for its size, speed of construction and its non-eclectic design, and, most of all, as the first great prefabricated building: parts were standardized and made in quantity, and were assembled on site. The exhibition was opened by Queen Victoria on 1 May 1851 and had received six million visitors when it closed on 11 October. The building was dismantled in 1852 and reassembled, with variations in design, at Sydenham in south London, where it remained until its spectacular conflagration in 1936.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1851. MP for Coventry 1854–65. Fellow Linnaean Society 1853; Horticultural Society 1826. Order of St Vladimir, Russia, 1844.Further ReadingP.Beaver, 1986, The Crystal Palace: A Portrait of Victorian Enterprise, Phillimore. George F.Chadwick, 1961, Works of Sir Joseph Paxton 1803–1865, Architectural Press.DY -
15 irrelevant
i'relivənt(not connected with the subject that is being discussed etc: irrelevant comments.) irrelevante- irrelevance
- irrelevancy
irrelevant adj que no viene al casotr[ɪ'relɪvənt]1 (unimportant - fact, detail, etc) irrelevante2 (out of place) que no viene al caso■ that's irrelevant eso no tiene nada que ver, eso no viene al casoirrelevant [ɪ'rɛləvənt] adj: irrelevanteadj.• impertinente adj.• inaplicable adj.• inconexo, -a adj.• irrelevante adj.ɪ'reləvəntadjective <fact/detail> irrelevante, intrascendentethe size of the building is quite irrelevant — el tamaño del edificio no tiene ninguna importancia or no viene al caso
to be irrelevant TO something — no tener* relación or no tener* que ver con algo
to be irrelevant TO somebody — serle* indiferente a alguien
[ɪ'relǝvǝnt]ADJ [details, information] irrelevante, intrascendentewhat you are saying is irrelevant — lo que dices no viene al caso, lo que dices es irrelevante
those remarks are irrelevant to the present discussion — esas observaciones no tienen relación con lo que se está discutiendo
the proposals are irrelevant to most of our customers — las propuestas les son indiferentes a la mayoría de nuestros clientes
he was irrelevant, merely to be disposed of — era una persona superflua de la que se podía prescindir
* * *[ɪ'reləvənt]adjective <fact/detail> irrelevante, intrascendentethe size of the building is quite irrelevant — el tamaño del edificio no tiene ninguna importancia or no viene al caso
to be irrelevant TO something — no tener* relación or no tener* que ver con algo
to be irrelevant TO somebody — serle* indiferente a alguien
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16 Mitchell, Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 20 May 1820 Aberdeen, Scotlandd. 22 August 1895 Jesmond, Newcastle upon Tyne, England[br]Scottish industrialist whose Tyneside shipyard was an early constituent of what became the Vickers Shipbuilding Group.[br]Mitchell's early education commenced at Ledingham's Academy, Correction Wynd, Aberdeen, and from there he became a premium apprentice at the Footdee Engineering Works of Wm Simpson \& Co. Despite being employed for around twelve hours each day, Mitchell matriculated at Marischal College (now merged with King's College to form the University of Aberdeen). He did not graduate, although in 1840 he won the chemistry prize. On the completion of his apprenticeship, like Andrew Leslie (founder of Hawthorn Leslie) and other young Aberdonians he moved to Tyneside, where most of his working life was spent. From 1842 until 1844 he worked as a draughtsman for his friend Coutts, who had a shipyard at Low Walker, before moving on to the drawing offices of Maudslay Sons and Field of London, then one of the leading shipbuilding and engineering establishments in the UK. While in London he studied languages, acquiring a skill that was to stand him in good stead in later years. In 1852 he returned to the North East and set up his own iron-ship building yard at Low Walker near Newcastle. Two years later he married Anne Swan, the sister of the two young men who were to found the company now known as Swan Hunter Ltd. The Mitchell yard grew in size and reputation and by the 1850s he was building for the Russian Navy and Merchant Marine as well as advising the Russians on their shipyards in St Petersburg. In 1867 the first informal business arrangement was concluded with Armstrongs for the supply of armaments for ships; this led to increased co-operation and ultimately in 1882 to the merger of the two shipyards as Sir W.G.Armstrong Mitchell \& Co. At the time of the merger, Mitchell had launched 450 ships in twenty-nine years. In 1886 the new company built the SS Gluckauf, the world's first bulk oil tanker. After ill health in 1865 Mitchell reduced his workload and lived for a while in Surbiton, London, but returned to Tyneside to a new house at Jesmond. In his later years he was a generous benefactor to many good causes in Tyneside and Aberdeen, to the Church and to the University of Aberdeen.[br]Further ReadingD.F.McGuire, 1988, Charles Mitchell 1820–1895, Victorian Shipbuilder, Newcastle upon Tyne: City Libraries and Arts.J.D.Scott, 1962, Vickers. A History, London: Weidenfeld \& Nicolson (a recommended overview of the Vickers Group).FMW -
17 build up
1) (to increase (the size or extent of): The traffic begins to build up around five o'clock.) aumentar2) (to strengthen gradually (a business, one's health, reputation etc): His father built up that grocery business from nothing.) crear1) v + o + adv, v + adv + oa) (make bigger, stronger) \<\<muscles\>\> fortalecer*to build up one's strength — fortalecerse*
b) ( accumulate) \<\<supplies/experience\>\> acumular; \<\<reserves\>\> acrecentar*they are building up their forces in the area — están intensificando su presencia militar en la zona
c) ( develop) \<\<reputation\>\> forjarse; \<\<confidence\>\> desarrollar; \<\<speed\>\> agarrar or (Esp) coger*to build up one's hopes — hacerse* ilusiones
d) ( praise) (colloq) poner* por las nubes (fam)2) v + adva) ( accumulate) \<\<dirt\>\> acumularse, juntarseb) ( increase) \<\<pressure/noise\>\> ir* en aumentoto build up to something: the tension builds up to a climax — la tensión va en aumento hasta llegar a un punto culminante
1. VT + ADV1) [+ area, town etc] urbanizar2) (=establish) [+ business, firm] levantar; [+ reputation] labrarse; [+ impression] crearhe had built up a picture in his mind of what she was like — se había formado una imagen mental de cómo era ella
3) (=increase) [+ stocks etc] acumular; [+ sales, numbers] incrementar2.VI + ADV (=increase) [pressure, sound, speed] aumentar; (Econ) [interest] acumularse; [excitement] crecer* * *1) v + o + adv, v + adv + oa) (make bigger, stronger) \<\<muscles\>\> fortalecer*to build up one's strength — fortalecerse*
b) ( accumulate) \<\<supplies/experience\>\> acumular; \<\<reserves\>\> acrecentar*they are building up their forces in the area — están intensificando su presencia militar en la zona
c) ( develop) \<\<reputation\>\> forjarse; \<\<confidence\>\> desarrollar; \<\<speed\>\> agarrar or (Esp) coger*to build up one's hopes — hacerse* ilusiones
d) ( praise) (colloq) poner* por las nubes (fam)2) v + adva) ( accumulate) \<\<dirt\>\> acumularse, juntarseb) ( increase) \<\<pressure/noise\>\> ir* en aumentoto build up to something: the tension builds up to a climax — la tensión va en aumento hasta llegar a un punto culminante
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18 built area
строит. площадь застройкиBuilt area is the size of the building measured outside.
We actually never say "floor size", it is very common to say "built area".Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > built area
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19 Coimbra, University of
Portugal's oldest and once its most prestigious university. As one of Europe's oldest seats of learning, the University of Coimbra and its various roles have a historic importance that supersedes merely the educational. For centuries, the university formed and trained the principal elites and professions that dominated Portugal. For more than a century, certain members of its faculty entered the central government in Lisbon. A few, such as law professor Afonso Costa, mathematics instructor Sidônio Pais, anthropology professor Bernardino Machado, and economics professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, became prime ministers and presidents of the republic. In such a small country, with relatively few universities until recently, Portugal counted Coimbra's university as the educational cradle of its leaders and knew its academic traditions as an intimate part of national life.Established in 1290 by King Dinis, the university first opened in Lisbon but was moved to Coimbra in 1308, and there it remained. University buildings were placed high on a hill, in a position thatphysically dominates Portugal's third city. While sections of the medieval university buildings are present, much of what today remains of the old University of Coimbra dates from the Manueline era (1495-1521) and the 17th and 18th centuries. The main administration building along the so-called Via Latina is baroque, in the style of the 17th and 18th centuries. Most prominent among buildings adjacent to the central core structures are the Chapel of São Miguel, built in the 17th century, and the magnificent University Library, of the era of wealthy King João V, built between 1717 and 1723. Created entirely by Portuguese artists and architects, the library is unique among historic monuments in Portugal. Its rare book collection, a monument in itself, is complemented by exquisite gilt wood decorations and beautiful doors, windows, and furniture. Among visitors and tourists, the chapel and library are the prime attractions to this day.The University underwent important reforms under the Pombaline administration (1750-77). Efforts to strengthen Coimbra's position in advanced learning and teaching by means of a new curriculum, including new courses in new fields and new degrees and colleges (in Portugal, major university divisions are usually called "faculties") often met strong resistance. In the Age of the Discoveries, efforts were made to introduce the useful study of mathematics, which was part of astronomy in that day, and to move beyond traditional medieval study only of theology, canon law, civil law, and medicine. Regarding even the advanced work of the Portuguese astronomer and mathematician Pedro Nunes, however, Coimbra University was lamentably slow in introducing mathematics or a school of arts and general studies. After some earlier efforts, the 1772 Pombaline Statutes, the core of the Pombaline reforms at Coimbra, had an impact that lasted more than a century. These reforms remained in effect to the end of the monarchy, when, in 1911, the First Republic instituted changes that stressed the secularization of learning. This included the abolition of the Faculty of Theology.Elaborate, ancient traditions and customs inform the faculty and student body of Coimbra University. Tradition flourishes, although some customs are more popular than others. Instead of residing in common residences or dormitories as in other countries, in Coimbra until recently students lived in the city in "Republics," private houses with domestic help hired by the students. Students wore typical black academic gowns. Efforts during the Revolution of 25 April 1974 and aftermath to abolish the wearing of the gowns, a powerful student image symbol, met resistance and generated controversy. In romantic Coimbra tradition, students with guitars sang characteristic songs, including Coimbra fado, a more cheerful song than Lisbon fado, and serenaded other students at special locations. Tradition also decreed that at graduation graduates wore their gowns but burned their school (or college or subject) ribbons ( fitas), an important ceremonial rite of passage.The University of Coimbra, while it underwent a revival in the 1980s and 1990s, no longer has a virtual monopoly over higher education in Portugal. By 1970, for example, the country had only four public and one private university, and the University of Lisbon had become more significant than ancient Coimbra. At present, diversity in higher education is even more pronounced: 12 private universities and 14 autonomous public universities are listed, not only in Lisbon and Oporto, but at provincial locations. Still, Coimbra retains an influence as the senior university, some of whose graduates still enter national government and distinguished themselves in various professions.An important student concern at all institutions of higher learning, and one that marked the last half of the 1990s and continued into the next century, was the question of increased student fees and tuition payments (in Portuguese, propinas). Due to the expansion of the national universities in function as well as in the size of student bodies, national budget constraints, and the rising cost of education, the central government began to increase student fees. The student movement protested this change by means of various tactics, including student strikes, boycotts, and demonstrations. At the same time, a growing number of private universities began to attract larger numbers of students who could afford the higher fees in private institutions, but who had been denied places in the increasingly competitive and pressured public universities. -
20 height
1. n высота, вышина2. n ростwhat is her height? — какого она роста?; какой у неё рост?
3. n высота над уровнем моря4. n тех. высотная отметка5. n астр. высота над горизонтом6. n вершина, верх, верхушка7. n часто холм, возвышенность, высота8. n верх, высшая степень; апогей; разгар9. n библ. небеса10. n арх. знатность11. n арх. возвышенность натуры12. n арх. тех. подъём стрелыСинонимический ряд:1. elevation (noun) altitude; elevation; eminence; highness; loftiness; size; stature; tallness2. extreme (noun) extreme; limit; utmost3. peak (noun) acme; apex; apogee; climax; crest; crown; culmination; meridian; peak; pinnacle; summit; top; vertex; zenith4. rise (noun) alp; hill; mountain; prominence; rise; slopeАнтонимический ряд:depth; nadir
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